Pure Breeds of Oxen
Scotch Highland
The unique Scotch Highland breed is easily recognized by its long shaggy hair and long horns. These cattle are not often trained as oxen, but when they are, they make a striking team that is sure to draw a crowd. Like other beef breeds they should be handled as calves. Animals that nurse a cow and have little human contact during their first year can be quite a handful. The long hair of these animals creates a challenge when they are worked in warm weather.
| color— | all black, brown, grey, or white |
| average mature weight— | ox: 2,000# |
| bull: 1,800-2,000# | |
| cow: 1,100# | |
| temperament— | active |
| association— | American Highland Cattle Association |
| web resources— | Oklahoma State University |
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Texas Longhorn
The Texas Longhorn is a beef breed, but is leaner and more athletic than many other more modern beef breeds. Their long horns are impressive, but can be a challenge when yoking, housing, and trucking these animals. They are smart and require a little more effort in training than other breeds, especially if they have had the run of the pasture and little handling as calves.
| color— | any color or combination |
| average mature weight— | ox: 1,800-2,000# |
| bull: 1,800# | |
| cow: 1,100# | |
| temperament— | active and alert |
| associations— | Chisholm Trail Texas Longhorn Association |
| International Texas Longhorn Association | |
| Texas Longhorn Breeders Association of American | |
| web resources— | Oklahoma State University |
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Zebu (Brahman)
Zebus, or Brahman, cattle are not often seen in Northern areas, but globally they are probably the most common cattle used for oxen. They come in many breeds and colors. American Zebus are much larger than the same breed seen abroad. Like other beef breeds, they are easier and more enjoyable to train when handled frequently.
| color— | grey or greyish brown |
| average mature weight— | ox: 2,000# |
| bull: 1,800-2,000# | |
| cow: 1,200# | |
| temperament— | active |
| associations— | American Brahman Breeders Association |
| International Zebu Breeders Association | |
| American Miniature Zebu Association | |
| web resources— | Oklahoma State University |